Chase Strategy Essay

What are a portion of the difficulties related with utilizing the pursuit methodology and why? The pursuit procedure is one of three creation methodologies for total arranging being used today. Pursue system is a type of interest coordinating. This is finished by estimating the normal interest set by past deals or anticipated deals. The motivation behind this is to fulfill or coordinate the need of their clients. It is likewise a fitting procedure with variable interest, for example, occasional things. The pursuit system is generally utilized in administration put together industry that concentrate with respect to fulfilling need. Because of the unanticipated gauge, the organization must recruit and fire their representative to meet the creation needs. Joined package administration and Wal-Mart are instances of organizations that utilization pursue methodology. During the Christmas season starting in November, United Parcel Service and Wal-Mart recruit part time employees to meet the expansion in volume. This implies both of these organizations hope to be occupied and the chance to create income is accessible on the off chance that they have the right number of workers set up. An essential preferred position is the adaptability to fulfill need vacillations. Another favorable position is both of these organizations don't need to pay for advantages, for example, clinical, dental, or give retirement since these workers are not vested. As indicated by Seeking Alpha, United Parcel Service hopes to get 32 million bundles on December 2, 2013, which is the primary Monday in the wake of Thanksgiving and known as Cyber Monday, this will be a greater number of bundles than 10% a year ago. On Cyber Monday, online retailers give steep limits to occasion customers. To deal with this expanded outstanding task at hand in the Christmas season, UPS will enlist 55,000 occasional representatives over the U.S. Reference: How This Holiday Season Will Be A Blessing For UPS. (2013, November 3). Recovered September 26, 2014, from http://seekingalpha.com/article/1800442-how-this-Christmas season-will-be-a-gift for-ups <p

Year Round Education Essays - Youth, , Term Papers

All year Education Envision a kid, on a blistering summer day... no baseball, no swimming, no picnics or carnival rides. Rather than investing energy doing everything kids like to during summer relaxes, this youngster, is going to class. All year instruction (YRE) has been around since 1904, with 3,000 schools and 2 million understudies presently utilizing the program (National Association). Understudies in year round schools go to class the equivalent 180 days that conventional schools join in. In YRE, the late spring excursion is dispensed with, supplanting it with shorter, increasingly visit breaks. There is various ways the all year school can work, including: 90/30, 45/15, and 60/20. The most well known of these schedules is the 45/15, where the year is partitioned into 4 multi week terms, isolated by 4 multi week excursions (National Association). YRE has been a discussed issue in training nearly since it started. Supporters of YRE state this calendar improves the learning procedure. The greatest discussion, nonetheless, originates from the guardians and instructors who accept there are no demonstrated investigations that YRE enables the figuring out how to process by any stretch of the imagination. Thus, is year round tutoring a decent decision for the training of your youngsters? YRE won't just hurt the training framework, however it will make tumult for the lives of the understudies joining in and their families. Supporters of YRE accept all year schools are more financially savvy than customary schools. With populace in a few regions rising quickly, YRE is said to diminish congestion of schools and study halls. As a rule, school schedules are changed in light of populace development. By running schools all year, locale can pack in additional understudies and defer constructing new schools (Endless Summer). Supporters of YRE state that by amazing get-aways and plans, schools can build limit by 25-50 percent (Should Kids go). Supporters contend that the expenses for the progress structure a conventional schedule to all year schools are unobtrusive analyzed to the development expenses of new schools (Inger, Morton). Nonetheless, those against YRE feel that costs may be decreased incidentally. As per a Year Round Education Study directed by the Lewisville, Texas Independent School Locale, Discoveries of a year-long investigation presumed that there is no money related advantage to working a Single Track System. The framework would cause an unassuming increment in operational costs without giving any instructional advantages (Time to Learn). In Iowa, the Carroll School Board found that the expenses of the area moving to an all year instruction framework could go from $16,786 to $32,412. Taylor Elementary School, in Cedar Rapids, goes through more cash agreeing to the study hall educators that some other grade school. Schools in Davenport detailed that the change to YRE will cost an extra $36,000 in compensations, $3000 every year for gear, and supplies, and $22,300 as a one time cost for instructor preparing. Additionally, the transition to YRE would likewise cost the area an extra $92,626 to completely cool the school building. In Des Moines, Moulten schools spend about $80,000 every year for all year tutoring. On the off chance that YRE were actualized, Indianola school locale would spend an extra $3,655 for center school and $5,000 for grade school to pay for the extra secretarial, regulatory, and custodial time throughout the late spring (to Learn). Costs won't just be caused with the schools, yet in addition with the state and with citizens. Cost investment funds for one of these gatherings may make cost increments for the other (Naylor, Charlie). In opposition to what supporters of YRE guarantee, there are certainly additional expenses to actualizing and keeping up a year round training framework. Supporters of YRE state that all year schools would advance ceaseless learning. The conviction is that understudies overlook a great deal of what they learn while on long summer get-aways. This is seen more in more slow learning understudies and for the individuals who know English as their subsequent language. It is too felt that since understudies hold more when the learning procedure is hindered for just brief timeframes, educators in all year schools need to invest less energy evaluating pre-get-away material (Inger, Morton). In spite of the fact that this appears to be valid, rivals accept that there is look into that should be tended to. Mary Lee Smith and Gene V. Glass have done broad research in year round schools since 1974. In an examination led by Smith and Glass, in a school locale in Colorado, the learning misfortune in the understudies was assessed. They discovered that despite the fact that instructors in all year schools invested less energy evaluating pre-get-away material than instructors in customary schools, the genuine accomplishment contrasts were unimportant on tests structured explicitly

Solicitation

Solicitation I have multiple things to admit here. 1. My arms kind of hurt from fixing all the links in all the blog entries ever written turns out that sitting on my couch or Bens couch with my laptop on my lap isnt exactly the most ergonomic work surface anyones ever used. 2. The most exciting thing thats happened to me in the last few days is that Adam and I went to Harvard Square for ice cream tonight. 3. Im not feeling particularly inspired to wax philosophical. So I want questions about life at MIT the social life, the workload, extracurriculars, living groups, food whatever. Bonus points if you ask a question so blatantly stereotypical that it makes me get snarky. Answers tomorrow. Questions 1. Anonymous wrote Awwww. you were such a drama queen! Here I was thinking you were flawless, and worshipped the ground you walked on. Haha, I think flawless is about the last word even Adam would use to describe me. In my defense, Ill say that Im a lot less of a drama queen than I was in high school although objectively I suppose there was nowhere to go but down from there. ;) True story: My friend Stephen 05, who is from Pittsburgh, visited a bunch of his friends (including Mikey in Michigan, I think?) over Christmas break 2003, and my hometown in Ohio was his first stop. After meeting my high school friends and doing stuff around my hometown for two days, he said to me, I see now that the drama queen you are at MIT is a pale shadow of the drama queen you were in high school. Hee. 2. Drew asked, If someone applies to MIT for grad school, does Pass/No Record still take effect? No, pass/no record is only for first term freshmen. But really you dont need pass/no record in grad school. Grad school is about research, not grades, and is notoriously grade-inflated. Undergrads here take grad classes to raise their GPAs, okay (my GPA in MIT grad classes is 5.0!); grad students are living the good life, at least as far as grading goes.

Case Law Nebosh - 1198 Words

Case – British Railways board Vs Herrington Relevance - Trespasser duty of care - Common humanity - Occupiers liability act 1984 Facts - Railway line operated by BRB ran through property open to public - Fences were in poor repair - 1965 children seen on line - Child severely injured when he stepped on line after passing through broken fence - Plaintiff claimed damages for negligence Ruling - House of lords held over trespassers, a duty to take steps as common humanity to avert danger i.e. fix the fence If the presence of trespassers is known or foreseeable, step must be taken Case – Paris Vs Stepney Borough Council Relevance - Duty to individuals Facts - Plaintiff employed by the defendants - He only had use†¦show more content†¦ee accepted the risk) - House of Lords found that there was evidence that claimant had volunteered for the risk of injury - Claim was successful Case – Donoghue Vs Stevenson Relevance - Duty of care – concept of the Neighbour Principle Details - Claimant (Donoghue) fell ill when she drank a bottle of ginger beer which contained a decomposed snail - The bottle was opaque she had no idea that the bottle contained a decomposed snail - The claimant’s friend purchased the bottle - Claimant sued manufacturer - Manufacturer claimed that there was no contract between them as the claimant’s friend purchased the bottle Decision - Damages awarded to claimant Neighbor’s principle – extent of duty of care, who is my neighbour - You must take reasonable care to avoid acts or omissions which you can reasonably foresee that would be likely to injure your neighbor - Case – Latimer Vs A.E.C Relevance - ‘Properly maintained’ reasonable ‘safe place of work’ Details - Severe thunderstorm flooded factory - Floor became slippery - Quantity of sawdust was used to clear up, but insufficient held - Latimer slipped on floor sought damages using factories act that floors must be ‘properly maintained’ Decision - Latimer lost case - Court found that normally floor was fine and employer had taken reasonable steps to deal with the danger to employees - Case – Marshall Vs Gotham Co (gypsum mine) Relevance - ‘Practicable as againstShow MoreRelatedNebosh Diploma Unit D Assignment Guidance3683 Words   |  15 PagesNational Diploma Examiners Report Guidance - Unit D Examiners’ Report Guidance NEBOSH NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY NEBOSH INTERNATIONAL DIPLOMA IN OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY Unit D and ID Assignments CONTENTS Introduction 2 Unit D and ID Assignments 3 ïÆ' £ 2011 NEBOSH, Dominus Way, Meridian Business Park, Leicester LE19 1QW tel: 0116 263 4700 fax: 0116 282 4000 email: info@nebosh.org.uk website: www.nebosh.org.uk The National Examination Board in Occupational SafetyRead MoreNebosh International Diploma5370 Words   |  22 PagesJan 2012 Examiners’ Report NEBOSH International Diploma in Occupational Health and Safety (Unit IA) Examiners’ Report NEBOSH INTERNATIONAL DIPLOMA IN OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY Unit IA: International management of health and safety JANUARY 2012 CONTENTS Introduction 2 General comments 3 Comments on individual questions 4 ïÆ' £ 2012 NEBOSH, Dominus Way, Meridian Business Park, Leicester LE19 1QW tel: 0116 263 4700 fax: 0116 282 4000 email: info@nebosh.org.uk website: www.nebosh.org.uk Read MoreNebosh IGC 14342 Words   |  18 PagesNEBOSH(IGC-1) TOPIC FOCUS ELE-1 TO ELE-5 1. DEFINATIONS ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · Health the absence of disease. Safety the absence of hazards, risks serious injury at workplace. Environmental Protection the prevention of damage to air, land, water and living creatures. Accident an unplanned, unwanted which lead to injuries, loss and damage. Near Miss an unplanned, unwanted which has potential to injuries, loss and damage. Dangerous Occurrence a specified event which must be reported toRead Morenebosh unit d examiners paper2427 Words   |  10 Pagesmanagement systems theory is mainly covered in Unit†¯A, Element†¯A1.2 of the NEBOSH National Diploma syllabus, Introduction to Health and Safety Management, the main place candidates are asked to show their understanding of OSHMS is in Unit†¯D Assignment, where they have to carry out a detailed review of the health and safety performance of a workplace or organisation and produce an action plan to improve performance. 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I also have to evaluateinformation that flows within the business such as accidents, near misses, new legislation and my role involves ensuring that information is sometimes sent outside the organisation,such as the HSE, LA, FireRead MoreNebosh Idip Unit a (Qa)3756 Words   |  16 Pages NEBOSH INTERNATIONAL DIPLOMA IN OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY UNIT IA – International management of health and safety January 2011 Question 1 (a) Giving reasons in EACH case, identify FIVE persons` who could be interviewed to provide information for an investigation into a workplace accident. (5) (b) Outline the issues to consider when preparing the accident investigation interviews for workers from within the organisation. (5) SECTION A * The injured personRead MoreBusiness Activities And Functions Of A Organisation7446 Words   |  30 Pagesdepartment is responsible for health and safety in workplace of people, employees. To assess risks in workplace, reduce those risks that can be harmful to employees and others to train employees about any COSHH product and inform employee’s news and changed law and regulation (EMPLOYMENT SERVICE , 2014). Hygiene refers to the activities of make sure the production is free from any bacteria, control of the food safety. The occupational safety and health ordinance guide of May 1997 provide a guideline of safetyRead MoreNebosh Paper 1 Q a8538 Words   |  35 PagesNEBOSH International General Certificate Paper 1 Management of Health and Safety Question and Answers 1. (a) Outline the importance of monitoring as part of a health and safety management system (Sept 2008) (6) (b) Identify the (i) active (proactive), and (ii) reactive measures by which an organization can monitor its health and safety performance. (5) (5) (c) Explain why monitoring reports should be submitted to the chief executive or managing director of the organization. (4) Answer: a)Read MoreNebosh Paper 1 Q a8545 Words   |  35 PagesNEBOSH International General Certificate Paper 1 Management of Health and Safety Question and Answers 1. (a) Outline the importance of monitoring as part of a health and safety management system (Sept 2008) (6) (b) Identify the (i) active (proactive), and (ii) reactive measures by which an organization can monitor its health and safety performance. (5) (5) (c) Explain why monitoring reports should be submitted to the chief executive or managing director of the organization. (4) Answer: a) The importance

Is Global Warming A Legitimate Problem Essay - 2087 Words

Global Warming as a subject is a very common one in today’s subjects of conversation. Man had been so caught up with the civilization advancements, that we did not realize how much damage we were doing to the Earth, until recently, where soon it can be too late. Though many people quickly disregard this problem, as being not a significant danger in their lifetime, soon as years go on and if we do not change our ways, the Earth may not be the lush, green planet as our astronauts from space see it today. Now the question has to be asked, is global warming a legitimate problem in today’s society, and if it is, what can we do to stop it? Global warming is already getting out of hand, though it has only recently come to the people’s attention. It first got the media’s attention when one of the worst droughts in decades was recorded in the summer of 1988 as stated by UC San Diego Virtual Museum. Speculation had developed that man-made greenhouse effects were fin ally put in estimated speculation that the earth’s temperature might arise. After that year, record breaking temperatures kept being recorded, and people were afraid that global warming has been already upon us, and it was only going to get worse. Carbon dioxide, is one of the major, harmful gases that gets trapped in the greenhouse effect. CO2 gets released when fossil fuels are burned and when CO2 circulatory systems are destroyed, such as deforestation. Just in the last ten years 25 million CO2 parts per million hadShow MoreRelatedMy Exam Choice : Home Final Essay1020 Words   |  5 PagesInstructor: Dan Dullea Student Name: Destini Brodi ID: #0473731 The Topic Questions: Most scientists, using scientific evidence, believe that Global Warming and Global Climate change are the defining problem of our time and how we address the problem will determine the fate of our species. Other interest groups believe that either there is no problem or that we will find technological fixes to overcome any potential climate disaster: You are to examine how these polar opposites are portrayed inRead MoreClimate Change Is Real And A Problem Essay1229 Words   |  5 PagesThe issue is simple and rather obvious; climate change is real and a problem. With a changing climate comes rising sea levels, hotter days, and stronger and wilder storms, and long painful droughts. What most people can’t seem to agree on is whether or not human activity is playing some role in it. From media outlets to internet forums, the debate is being fought on all fronts. Most of these arguments, however, are just personal opinions and poorly-made observations from the comfort of a gas-g uzzlingRead MoreHumans Are Influencing Climate Change Essay1234 Words   |  5 PagesHumans Are Influencing Climate Change The issue is simple and rather obvious; climate change is real and a problem. With a changing climate comes rising sea levels, hotter days, and stronger and wilder storms, and long painful droughts. What most people can’t seem to agree on is whether or not human activity is playing some role in it. From media outlets to internet forums, the debate is being fought on all fronts. Most of these arguments, however, are just personal opinions and poorly-made observationsRead MoreCarbon Dioxide- Good and the Bad Script Essay1065 Words   |  5 Pagescharacteristics of carbon, global or local issues related to carbon dioxide, what science is doing to address these issues and the benefits and limitations of these scientific methods. The name of my element is carbon. Its symbol is the letter â€Å"C† and its atomic number is 6. Its atomic mass is 12.0107. Carbon’s abundance on the earth’s crust is 200 parts per million by weight and 344 parts per million by moles. You can buy 100g of carbon for $2.40. 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Greenhouse gasses There are three main greenhouseRead MoreThe Economics Of Climate Change1384 Words   |  6 PagesPontillo 28 January 2016 The Economics of Climate Change The world economy is a very complex system; in the system harmful externalities disrupt capital flows and determine economic productivity. Most notable of these externalities is inadvertent global warming. Spending towards research and regulation of climate change at both the national and international level are very important in determining current and future business trends. Economists and scientists worldwide continuously debate the pros andRead MoreThe Economics Of Climate Change1400 Words   |  6 PagesThe Economics of Climate Change The world economy is a very complex system; in the system harmful externalities disrupt capital flows and determine economic productivity. Most notable of these externalities is inadvertent global warming. Spending towards research and regulation of climate change at both the national and international level are very important in determining current and future business trends. Economists and scientists worldwide continuously debate the pros and cons of emissions reductionRead MoreEnvironmental Sustainability And Environmental Management Strategies Essay1425 Words   |  6 Pagesthere has been countless researches into environmental issues that pose threat to the population, but remains unresolved due to the increasing global population. It can be argued that certain environmental management strategies have been adopted to minimise the environmental risk on the population growth which possibly could become a threat to the global village. Although, there are strategies to manage the e nvironmental issues, a sector-wide approach is required from developed and developing nations

Matrice Swot of Coca Cola Free Essays

Internal| * Strenghts1/ partner with big companies (Mac Donalds)2/ Excellent strategy3/ Diversified production lines4/ Unique taste5/ World’s leading brand | * Weaknesses1/ Product not healthy2/ The target group of the CC company are mainly younger people. / Taste differentiation4/ Sluggish performance in North America5/ lack of popularity of many Coca Cola’s brands| External| * Opportunities1/ advertise it’s less popular products2/ Acquisitions3/ buy out competition4/ It can to provide food in the future5/Growing Hispanic| * Threats1/ New drink competitor have appeared gradually2/ Intense competition (ex: Pepsi)3/ legal issues4/Dependence on bottling partners5/ The economy nowadays is depressing actually, and the poor economy may affect the consumers to purchase good| Strenghts| Weaknesses| Oppor-tunities| S5/O5. Knowing that Coca-Cola is a brand leader in his market; it will be easy to continue to have a growing market in South America. We will write a custom essay sample on Matrice Swot of Coca Cola or any similar topic only for you Order Now S1, S2, S3, S4, S5/O2, O3, O4. It may also invest in the creation of food and continue to buy the competition and gain new market. All of this because coca-cola has a unique taste, it is followed by contacts (like MacDonald), his strategy is great and it has a diversified production lines. | W1/O3. Like everybody knows, Coke is not really good for your health. However everyone knows that Coca-cola was originally sold in pharmacies for stomach ache. Maybe that Coca-Cola could buy the competition, which is not tarnished by this reputation. W2/O4, O5. Even if they are young people who are targeted by coca cola, by exploiting new markets and new products, coca-cola can expand his target, as if they provide food. W4/O5. I think that these tests have to be performed in a country growing for coca-cola (ex: Hispanic) before embarking on a stagnant market (North America)| Threats| T1, T2/S5, S3 . Although recently many competitors appear. Coca cola is the worldwide leader and can buy them, crash them, or ignore them. This is not the case of Pepsi who is already too big, and then why not plays on the diversification of the products of coca-cola (many different products) which is not the case of Pepsi. T3, T4/S2. As regards the jurisdiction, they could still and always try to improve them strategy, which is already excellent, it is the same thing for such bottling partners. T5/S2. As for the world economy, it is less important, being the world leader and with an excellent strategy, I can continue to win customers. | T1, T2/W5. To bring down the new competitors on the market, coca cola have to show all the drinks he offers, as many are ignored and coca-cola has the budget for put these drinks forward. This will permit at coca-cola to be apart from other major competitors such as Pepsi etc †¦ T3/W3. Legal problems are present, knowing that coca is not developed in regard to health. For this strategy (already good) coca must to be improved, and do not forget that a wide range of product is already present in coca-cola by passing of coca zero until coca light. T4/S5. In terms of bottling partners, this must be a part of the strategy of coca-cola who is world leader and who has the capabilities to invest in bottling, the question is: it is worth the trouble it? T5/W5. About the economic crisis, I think Coca-cola is a global leader, so he has just to try to conquer new markets such as South America and to develop his others annexes brands who miss of popularity| How to cite Matrice Swot of Coca Cola, Essay examples

Procter Gamble Europe Vizir Launch

Should they launch now or wait? For proctor Gamble, there are various challenges that face its launching plan. The company should launch its product now. Firstly, the time it has spent conducting market survey is enough to convince the marketers about the projected returns from the liquid product.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Procter Gamble Europe: Vizir Launch specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Despite the competition from Henkel and the projected internal competition from Aerial, the introduction of the liquid detergent will set a new track for this company (Harvard Business School 1989). Waiting for some time will lead to the release of Henkel’s new product and this may affect the response from the customers. Timeliness in the release of new products is very important. Although it gives the competitors something to learn about the product, it still creates an opportunity to get popular and gain consumer loyalty. By being vibrant in the launching campaign, the company will be in a better position to introduce a new wave of culture, in the use of liquid detergents. This will lead to great market command in liquid detergents since Henkel might be on the verge of releasing a liquid detergent that might make it hard for Vizir product to succeed in the market. There should be no more wasting of time in the release of the product as it may allow for other competitor brands to be launched and hence affect the popularity of Vizir upon its release. Should they launch the brand as euro brand? There is usually a connection of consumers with local brands; they are usually influenced to purchase local products as a form of identity creation. In the case of Vizir, however, it should be introduced as a foreign brand and not as a European brand. The main reason for this is the washing culture in Europe and the differences that arise when compared to American culture. Introducing the brand as a European one would require to be changed wholly so as to make it compliant with European standards. The brand should remain as a foreign product in order to make it easier to expand the sales to other countries. Developing a European brand would require changes in the marketing strategies since the customers’’ preferences have to be re-evaluated and re-strategized. Consumer preferences have to be altered and before the brand can penetrate the local brand under local registration, it would take time and more money (Harvard Business School 1989). For this reason, the brand should remain as a foreign brand but with characteristics that favor the European markets. This might reduce the limiting factor associated with marketing and expanding the brand to other regions.Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More What should their structure be? The organizational struc ture should not be different from the already existing one. This will make it easier to manage the new product. Being a company that is affiliated to the main brands, Procter Gamble should elect a manager in every country to foresee the developments and acceptance of the new brand in the new market. There should be two managers rather than three in order to reduce the expenses incurred at the executive level. The laundry and cleaning department as well as the personal care products departments should be headed by a single manager; this reduces the expenses and increases the possible returns on investment. The sales team and product development managers should be supplied with more subordinate employees to help in popularizing the product upon its launch. With proper follow up from the executives, it would be easier to control the employees in sales and marketing departments in order to make the brand popular and establish its mark in the European market. Proper definition of roles and responsibilities is one of the major concepts that will influence great returns upon investment. With a slight reduction in executive management and an increasing number of junior employees, the company has the manpower it needs to influence popularity of the product. References Harvard Business School 1989, Procter Gamble Europe: Vizir launch, Harvard University Press, Cambridge. This assessment on Procter Gamble Europe: Vizir Launch was written and submitted by user Shang-Chi to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Drug use in Alices Adventures essays

Drug use in Alice's Adventures essays Alices Adventures in Wonderland Paper In Victorian England the drug Opium was commonly used. This drug did not have the connotation that drugs have today; studies show that five out of every six families used Opium regularly (Connell). Lewis Carroll uses actions of characters and situations to portray the positive effects of Opium and other drugs on a person. Characters like the caterpillar and especially Alice seem to be under the influence of some type of drugs. Carroll never showed characters acting scared of their surroundings while being high, concluding that the characters curiously enjoyed the effects of the drugs. Throughout the novel Alice seems to be in a dream like state (Connell). On page one Alice is said to feel stupid and tired. Opium is labeled as a narcotic, which slows a person down and gives them a feeling of euphoria and can have hallucinogenic effects also. Page one quotes, So she was considering, in her own mind (as well as she could, for the hot day made her feel very sleepy and stupid), whether the pleasure of making a daisy-chain would be worth the trouble of getting up and picking the daises, when suddenly a White Rabbit with pink eyes ran close by her. This quote suggest that Alice must already be under the influence of some drug (Opium seems to be the best fit due to the times in which the book was written). She clearly is feeling too relaxed to want to get up but ends up seeing a strange White Rabbit run by her. This is an example of how Alice is not scared of the eerie rabbit running by her that talks and has a watch and jacket, she actually pays it no mind the r ealizes afterwards that she should. Alice thinks that seeing this take place is natural. It can be Natural only if being under the effects of hallucinogenic drugs. For example this is quoted on the bottom of page one and top of page two; There was nothing so very remarkable in that, nor d...

9 Phone Interview Tips That Will Land You A Second Interview

9 Phone Interview Tips That Will Land You A Second Interview So you have followed all the best resume tips and land yourself a job interview. You’re prepared to interview. You’re just not prepared to do it on the phone. Make sure to go over these 6 hardest interview questions. Here are 9 ways to adapt your interviewing strategy to the phone format, without losing your cool.1. Be readySometimes you’ll be notified to schedule. Sometimes the call will come straight out of the blue. If you’re not somewhere where it would be convenient or possible for you to chat, ask the interviewer if it would be possible to find a mutually suitable time. If not, don’t panic: you can do it. Just muddle through. Once you’ve applied for a job- any job, make sure you start mentally preparing for the interview in case you find yourself thrown into one just by picking up the phone!2. Be organizedHave a copy of the job description and whatever information you’ve gathered about the company at your fingertips before the ca ll begins. While you’re at it, make sure to also have a copy of your resume and your application materials as well. Otherwise, the interviewer will be able to hear that frantic stalling and rustling around.3. Be preparedThe phone interview is just like any other interview. You should be well versed in your answers to common interview questions, or questions you think will be likely to come up for that particular position. The only difference is you’ll have to be charming without your knockout smile and friendly face. Try compensating with more vivid answers. And cut the rambling and verbal fillers like â€Å"um,† which will stand out more over the phone.4. SmileSeriously. Not only can people hear the difference when someone is smiling over the phone, smiling will have a massive effect on your demeanor. You’ll sound much more upbeat and confident. Keep a mirror by the phone if you need reminding!5. Use the InternetIf it would be too complicated to explain something, or you want to be able to provide a visual, try directing your interviewer to your website, portfolio, or LinkedIn page. That way, you can talk them through it during your actual interview, narrating each accomplishment for them.6. Be smoothJust like in any other conversation, try and match the tone and speed and volume of your interviewer. Ask a friend to assess your telephone voice for you in advance and give you feedback.7. Be easygoingInitial interviews, particularly over the phone, are not the time to start making demands or asking very particular questions about PTO or benefits packages or job duties. Make them want to talk to you again; hopefully that will score you a proper face-to-face interview where you can proceed with your usual interview protocol.8. Be firmDon’t let your interviewer off the phone without scheduling another interview. Or the name and contact information of someone you can be in touch with at the company to follow up.9. Say thank youEve n though it’s a phone interview, the normal rules apply. That means a written thank you. Emailed or handwritten. Don’t be too pushy, but it’s always okay to subtly remind them of your strengths in your thank you note.

Summary Assignment-See Instruction Please Assignment

Summary -See Instruction Please - Assignment Example In my opinion, cultural pluralism has brought more good than bad to all. It creates uniqueness in most areas. Most of the minor cultures, tend to live in the same areas and cities. This way, cities are diversified. Different cities are known for different kinds of things and the environment changes per city due to the difference in cultures of people. Food for example diversifies cultures as different groups eat different kinds of things. The culture to where people belong, for example Hindu, Mexicans, African American, identifies them with the kind of food they prefer eating and their origin. This kind of variety is beneficial to the states. This way, different food places and restaurants serve foods according to culture. Politically, the diversity in culture has enabled the representation of all minorities in the government. Representation of all minorities is vital as it ensures none of the citizens are left out due to their culture or beliefs(Jucan 2010). This is important as the government thus includes the ideas of many into consideration and creates a wide range of options in decision making. In the congress for example, the representation of all cultural groups ensures that all people and their ideas are aired and looked into by the state. This way, the country has peace and harmony as all groups and their cultures are well represented politically. Pluralism has created so many types of representation in arts. The kinds of music found and originating from America are impeccable. Different groups have different kinds of music in a wide range of languages. This is beneficial as it creates a uniqueness in the artistic world of the whole state. This way, artists and musicians can present themselves to the world with respect to their culture. The existence of pluralism is thus important as it creates identity for all, in the artistic world. Religion is a sensitive part of everyone’s lives. It identifies people

ECON200 PAPER Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

ECON200 PAPER - Essay Example In this regard, the article shows the existence of a barter economy or the existence of an exchange economy. The article represents the P.O.W economy as an alternative for the Robinson Crusoe economy. In the article, cigarettes are chosen to be the medium of exchange. In other words, cigarettes perform the function of metallic currency in the P.O.W economy. The importance of the article lies in the fact that the standard of living of an individual can be enhanced through a mode of exchange. (Radford)      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The article â€Å"The Suntory and Toyota International Centres for Economics and Related Disciplines’ by Radford’ lays emphasis on the existence of barter system and the importance of an exchange economy in enhancing the welfare of the economy. The barter system provides the base of exchange. In earlier days when money was not invented, people would still trade among themselves using a standard form of currency as a substitute of money. Rice used to be a medium of exchange. For example, if anyone were in need of milk, then he would obtain one liter of milk from another person in exchange of rice. That is the person who needed milk, would give one quintal of rice to the person from whom he would obtain milk. In this way, trade used to take place in earlier days. However, there was a problem with this system. The problem is regarding the mode of exchange. In the above example, the person who was in need of milk may not always find a person who wo uld be ready to give milk in exchange of rice from him. In such a situation, the concept of using a commodity, say, rice, wheat, milk etc. as a medium of exchange fails. These problems soon lead to the invention of money. Thus, the process of exchange became faster and easier and enhanced the living standards of people.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Trade is beneficial because of comparative advantages in production. David Ricardo proposed the theory of comparative advantage. The theory states that an economy should produce

Clinical Supervision in Practice and District Nursing

Clinical Supervision in Practice and District Nursing CLINICAL SUPERVISION IN PRACTICE AND DISTRICT NURSING: A LITERATURE REVIEW The following research reports a systematic literature review of studies which have assessed the development, implementation and outcomes of clinical supervision within practice and district nursing. 1.0 ABSTRACT Background – The demands which are being placed on nurses within the modern health care environment continue to increase. It is important that effective measures are identified which provide appropriate education, support and quality control for nurses to ensure that they can meet these demands. One such approach is referred to as clinical supervision. Through this, a nurse can be supervised by a more superior colleague who can oversee their actions and make interventions when necessary. Aims – This literature review will critically review research which has assessed the development, implementation and outcomes of clinical supervision in practice and district nursing. This will enable an assessment of the effectiveness and efficacy of clinical supervision within this group of health care workers. Methodology – A systematic literature review was conducted. Relevant articles were identified via computer based searches, manual searches and internet-based searches. Results – It was found that clinical supervision was developed based on a set of standards but that more work is required to improve the dissemination of these standards, role definitions and to standardise the process of supervisor selection and training. A need was also identified for supervisors to me made more available for both nurses and the supervisors themselves. Finally, the perceived benefits of clinical supervision in terms of support, socialisation into ward culture, providing clinical experience and improving the nurses’ job satisfaction were discussed. Further research is recommended to developed standardised and validated assessment tools to enable empirical analyses of the effect of clinical supervision on nurse performance and the quality of care provided to patients. Conclusions – Clinical supervision is seen to be an effective way of providing support for practice and district nurses. However, more work is needed to ensure that it is more feasible and that it is not viewed as a form of control or assessment by the nurses. Keywords – Clinical Supervision Practice District Nursing Evaluation What do we already know about the topic? Clinical Supervision focuses on providing nurses with education, support and management (quality control) Health care workers perceive that clinical supervision aids support, skill development, team building, provides a monitor and helps colleagues to share information Little research has critically analysed the effectiveness and efficacy of clinical supervision for practice and district nursing What does this study add to the knowledge in this topic? Clinical supervision standards have been developed but they need to be more effectively disseminated, standardised and the roles need to be better defined This review highlights the need for there to be an increase in the availability of supervisors for both nurses and the supervisors themselves Standardised assessment tools need to be developed and validated to enable an assessment of the effect of clinical supervision on nurse performance and quality of care 2.0 INTRODUCTION The world of nursing has gone through a period of significant change over the last ten years. In the acute nursing environment, nurses are using increasingly more complex health care interventions and have to incorporate the use of advances in both medical technology and disease management. Within primary care, nurses are required to face the burden of chronic disease and to facilitate patients beginning to self manage their own health. Such changes have been made as a result of Governmental policy and strategic approaches (Wanless 2002, Wanless 2004). Such changes have resulted in there being a range of extra demands being placed upon the nurse, both during and after their training. The Royal College of Nursing (2004a and 2004b) acknowledged the change which is occurring and stated that nurses’ continuous education needs to be assessed and adapted to meet the changing role of the nurse. Changing have particularly taken place within the education of student nurses through the implementation of Project 2000 (UK Central Council for Nursing, Midwifery and Health Visiting 1986)Nurses are now required to undertake tasks which were traditionally performed by doctors. Through these changes the need for effective CLINICAL supervision within nursing has become ever more salient. As a result of the potential effects which a supervisor nurse relationship can have on the nurse’s learning, their experience of training, their subsequent performance on the training course, their future effectiveness as a nurse and ultimately on the quality of the care which is provided by the nurses, it is an important topic to consider within the fields OF BOTH PRACTICE AND DISTRICT nursing. 3.0 BACKGROUND Much has been written about the practitioner as facilitator, supervisor, assessor and role model, and the overlay of role functions (Windsor 1987, Hughes 1990, Donovan 1990, Bailey 1992). Despite this, there is still a lack of consensus within the literature in terms of a clear definition of what is meant by the term ‘supervisor’ (Hagerty 1986, Phillips et al 1996a, Phillips et al 1996b). It has been argued that the task of defining the term supervisor is made more complicated by the fact that other terms are used, such as assessor, facilitator and mentor, to describe the same role (Phillips et al 1996a, Phillips et al 1996b). As a result of the wide range of aspects of the role which is played by a supervisor, it can be stated that a definition of supervisor can only be a general description as anything more specific would run the risk of excluding important elements of the position (Davies et al 1994). For the purposes of the following review, the definition of supervi sion which was provided by Zwolski (1982) will be adopted: ‘Supervision is a relationship which is aimed at guiding the novice towards an established place within the profession’ (Zwolski 1982) In the nursing profession the aims of the supervisor will be to form a relationship with their nurses which enables them to be successful during their training and throughout their subsequent career. Jarvis (1995) emphasised that it is important to focus on the supervisor’s role as a function and as a relationship with the nurse rather than being about them as a teacher or practitioner. Through this role the supervisor can help to narrow the gap between theory and practice (Pelosi-Beaulieu 1988, Armitage and Burnard 1991). Butterworth and Faugier (1994) theorise that the role of clinical supervisor has three key elements, namely Education, Support and Management (through quality control). However one conceptualises clinical supervision within practice and district nursing, the benefits of the process have been demonstrated through previous research. It has been found that nurses require their supervisor to provide a good role model and to provide a source of support, particularly in the earlier years of a nurse’s career (Gray and Smith 2000). Research has indicated that nurses tend to leave the profession because they cannot cope with the demands of training or the job itself (Fulbrook et al 2000) or because of more personal factors (MORI 2003). It may be that clinical supervision has a broader role to play here in reducing the probability that a nurse will leave the profession. Based on questionnaire research, Thomas and Reid (1995) identified five important benefits of clinical supervision. They were support, skill development, team building, monitoring clinical performance and the sharing of information. The following review will consider research which has focussed on the clinical supervision within practice and district nursing. 4.0 METHOD A systematic review aims to integrate existing information from a comprehensive range of sources, utilising a scientific replicable approach, which gives a balanced view, hence minimising bias (Hart 1998). In other words, a scientific approach will help to ensure that research evidence is either included or excluded based upon well defined and standardised criteria. This should ensure that the possible effects of researcher bias should be kept to a minimum. Brealey and Glenny (1999) also states that systematic reviews provide a means of integrating valid information from the research literature to provide a basis for rational decision making concerning the provision of healthcare. 4.1 SOURCES OF DATA The methodology employed within the research will involve obtaining data from three key sources: Computerised searches, Manual searches, and the Internet. Each of these data sources will now be considered in more detail. 4.1.1 COMPUTERISED SEARCHES Multiple databases, both online and CD–Rom will be accessed to retrieve literature because they cite the majority of relevant texts. (Loy 2000) The computerised bibliographic databases are:- MEDLINE EMBASE CINAHL PSYCHINFO British Nursing Info BNI Cochrane Science Direct(All Sciences Electronic Journals) However because articles may not be correctly indexed within the computerised databases, other strategies will be applied in order to achieve a comprehensive search (Sindhu Dickson 1997). 4.1.2 MANUAL SEARCHES A manual search will be performed to ensure that all relevant literature is accessed. The manual searches will include:- Books relevant to the topic from university libraries and web sites Inverse searching- by locating index terms of relevant journal articles and texts Systematically searching reference lists and bibliographies of relevant journal articles and texts 4.1.3 THE INTERNET The internet will provide a global perspective of the research topic and a searchable database of Internet files collected by a computer. Sites accessed will include:- Department of Health National Institute of Clinical Excellence English National Board of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Visiting Google 4.2 IDENTIFICATION OF KEY WORDS The selection of search terms is an important task. The search needs to be sensitive in that it should identify as many of the key articles as possible. It should also be specific in reducing the number of irrelevant articles which it produces. The search words were derived based on the research question, as recommended by Loy (2000). They were: Clinical Supervision Practice Nursing District Nursing Evaluation Effectiveness 4.3 INCLUSION AND EXCLUSION CRITERIA. In order that a manageable quantity of pertinent literature is included in this study, it is essential that inclusion and exclusion criteria are applied. These are outlined below: 4.3.1 INCLUSION CRITERIA The articles which are highlighted within the proposed searches will be assessed in terms of whether or not they meet the following criteria. Each article will need to be viewed as appropriate with regards to all of these constraints if they are to be included in the final analysis. From the pool of data which is obtained, the most appropriate articles which meet these inclusion criteria will be selected for use within the review. A literature review encompassing all methodologies will be applied (International studies will be included Available in English Relate to Clinical Supervision Relate to Practice or District Nursing 4.3.2 EXCLUSION CRITERIA The articles highlighted by the searches will also be assessed in terms of whether or not they fulfil the following exclusion criteria. If a potentially relevant article meets one or more of these criteria then they will be immediately excluded from the data set and will not be included within the analysis stage of the methodology. Articles relating to supervision in industries other than health care will not be included Literature in a foreign language will be excluded because of the cost and difficulties in obtaining translation. Research reported prior to 1985 will not be included within this review. 4.4 CONSIDERATION OF ETHICAL ISSUES Any research involving NHS patients/service users, carers, NHS data, organs or tissues, NHS staff, or premises requires the approval of a NHS research ethics committee (Department of Health 2001). A literature review involves commenting on the work of others, work that is primarily published or in the public domain. This research methodology does not require access to confidential case records, staff, patients or clients so permission from an ethics committee is not required to carry out the review. The researcher will also act professionally when identifying, reviewing and reporting relevant studies. 5.0 RESULTS The most relevant research which was identified by the methodology employed within this research will now be critically analysed. In order to structure the discussion more effectively, the analysis will address the three stages which should comprise the evaluation of a training intervention (Kirkpatrick 1979). Thus the discussion will consider the development, implementation and outcomes of clinical supervision in practice and district nursing. 5.1 EVALUATION OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF SUPERVISION PROGRAMMES Whenever one is considering a health care intervention, it is important to first address the foundations upon which it was developed. In the case of clinical supervision, one must consider the relevant policies and theoretical frameworks. A set of standards which govern the preparation and role of supervisors were produced by the UK Central Council for Nursing, Midwifery and Health Visiting (2004). The English National Board have outlined the five key aspects of the supervisors role: Assisting, Befriending, Guiding, Advising and Counselling (Anforth 1992). Research has been conducted with the aim of evaluating the supervision process from a theoretical perspective as well as those of the nurses and supervisors themselves. This research will now be outlined. Researchers have conducted reviews of clinical supervision of nurses and have highlighted some potential limitations. Andrews and Wallis (1999) reported that a range of different frameworks for conceptualising the supervisor role were prevalent and that more specific guidelines needed to be developed. They also found that supervisors often attended short and local courses whose effectiveness had not been evaluated. Furthermore, Wilson-Barnett et al (1995) stated that the continued use of terms such as mentor, assessor and facilitator, as well as supervisor, led to confusion of the specific nature of the role. Therefore, it appears that although standards have been developed regarding clinical supervision in nursing, further work may be required to ensure that they are more effectively disseminated. The process of clinical supervision needs to also be evaluated from the nurses’ perspective. Watson (1999) conducted semi-structured interviews with 35 nurses to investigate their perceptions of the clinical supervision which they had received. Two key findings were reported. Firstly, the respondents reported that they felt that the supervision process was not sufficiently defined by the English National Board. They also felt that the supervision process was not adequately clarified by their internal organisation. Standards were seen to be appropriate but they were not effectively applied to the practical situation. This research did employ a small sample and the extent to which the findings can be generalised to the UK as a whole may be questioned Having said this, these findings do demonstrate that nurses clinical supervision is based on appropriate standards but that the roles of supervision and the person being supervised need to be more specifically defined. The third and final area of evaluation concerns the supervisors themselves. Cahill (1996) reviewed the relevant research in this area and reported that there are a range of different supervisor selection and training procedures. This ensures that there is sufficient scope for different supervisors to be selected based on different criteria and for them to then go on and receive different levels of training. This lack of standardisation has the potential to mean that the quality of supervision provided throughout the UK may significantly differ. Further research in this field has been reported. For instance, Neary (1997 and 2000) interviewed 155 clinical supervisors. It was found that there was some confusion over the nature which the supervisor/nurse relationship should take. The supervisors were not clear on what their specific role was and the extent to which they should help their nurses. This causes problems in terms of competency assessment as the supervisors were not clear on what was expected of them and the nurses whom they were supervising. Therefore, issues regarding standardisation and role definition are prevalent within supervisor perceptions of this topic. This section has demonstrated that work is required to improve the dissemination of standards, role definitions and the standardisation of supervisor selection and training. 5.2 EVALUATION OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SUPERVISION PROGRAMMES A relevant research study which has been conducted in this area involved nurses and their supervisors completing activity diaries for a week (Lloyd-Jones et al 2001). The data provided via the activity diaries were then analysed in order to determine the extent to which the nurses were adequately supervised and what happened when their supervisors were not present. It was reported within this research that the nurses did spend a significant amount of time away from their supervisor. It was identified that in the absence of a supervisor, the student nurse was often supervised, either directly or indirectly, by another qualified member of staff. Although this may be a good short term solution, it is unlikely to be standardised across organisations and to only occur when there is an appropriate member of staff available. More strategic approaches to clinical supervision may be required such that practice and district nurses have appropriate support when it is required. The importance of supervisor availability has been highlighted within international research. For example, Saarikoski (2002) collected data from 558 student nurses who were based in both Finland and the UK. They completed the Clinical Learning Experience and Supervision Instrument. The Finish students were found to be significantly more positive regarding their clinical experience and their supervision relative to the UK students. This difference was found to be significantly associated with the fact that Finish students spent a significantly longer amount of time with their supervisor. This methodology benefits from using a relatively large sample. Other research has focussed on the extent to which the supervisors themselves are adequately supervised. Aston et al (2001) conducted research which was commissioned by the English National Board. They collected information via documentation, one-to-one interviews and focus groups using samples of 76 lecturers and 46 practitioners. The research focused on the participants’ perceptions of the extent to which the supervisors of student nurses are adequately supervised, monitored and audited. It was found that supervisors believed that they were not sufficiently prepared, supported or monitored. They had a wide range of different experiences and they believed that there was a need for a more organised approach which would enable more consistent support and supervision to be available. It is important that the supervisors themselves are supervised so that they have someone to guide and advise them in their role and to provide them with the support that they need to effectively supervise their student nurses. The methodology used in this study benefits from having a relatively large s ample and because it obtained data from a number of different sources. This facilitated an overall view of the topic to be gained by enabling a more comprehensive approach. This section has demonstrated that further work is required in the implementation of clinical supervision to ensure that both practice and district nurses, as well as their supervisors, are appropriately supervised. 5.3 EVALUATION OF THE OUTCOMES OF SUPERVISION PROGRAMMES A key area of any evaluation will focus on the relevant outcomes. However, in terms of clinical supervision, this is not a straight forward task as there is a lack of clear and standardised assessment tools. Calman et al (2002) conducted 12 focus groups and 72 one-to-one interviews with nurses and supervisors to gain an understanding of their perceptions. It was reported that assessment tools were not seen to provide a fair reflection of a person’s ability and that the approaches taken varied significantly between organisations. As a result of this the research which has empirically assessed the effects of clinical supervision on both the quality of patient care and the nurses’ skill acquisition is limited. Having said this, questionnaire research involving 19 nurses has highlighted some of the perceived positive outcomes of clinical supervision (Earnshaw 1995). The respondents indicated that the supervision provided vital support, aided their socialisation in terms of ward culture and facilitated their gaining of clinical experience which helped to improve their skills. Thus, through both direct and indirect methods, clinical supervision can have positive outcomes in terms of the nurses themselves. However, one cautionary note should be made here in that further research by Cahill (1996) has revealed that some nurses view clinical supervision as a form of control and assessment rather than a source of help to them. Therefore, more standardised and validated assessment tools are required before confident conclusions can be made regarding the actual effects of clinical supervision on nurses’ skills and the quality of the care which they provide to their patients. There are some perceived outcomes of both a positive and negative nature which are associated with clinical supervision. Further work here would help to maximise and realise the perceived benefits and to minimise the effects of any possible negative aspects. Other relevant research has focused on the outcomes of clinical supervision in terms of the nurses job satisfaction. Gray and Smith (2000) interviewed 10 nurses at five different points in their careers. A positive correlation was found between the quality of the supervisor/nurse relationship and the nurses’ satisfaction with their learning experience within their role. Therefore, if a positive relationship can be facilitated between a nurse and their supervision then this should, in theory, help to improve the chance that the nurse will be satisfied within their role. Research has also investigated the longer term aspects of the relationship between clinical supervision of the nurses’ satisfaction with their career. One such study was recently conducted by Pearcey and Elliott (2004) and involved interviews with 14 student nurses. Four key aspects were associated with whether or not the student nurses would be likely to go on and seek a career as a nurse in the future. These factors included ward culture, the reaction to negative incidents, the student nurses perceptions of the qualified nurses/supervisors and how these people were seen to treat the trainee nurses. Thus the supervisors can help to improve the learning experience in each of these areas. This section has shown that improvements need to be made in establishing a standardised assessment to enable more accurate evaluations of the effectiveness of clinical supervision to take place. Nurse perceptions of clinical supervision do reveal that there are both positive and negative outcomes. One interesting finding merits consideration here. Andrew and Chilton (2000) interviewed supervisors and nurses regarding the benefits of a teaching qualification on the outcome of clinical supervision. The supervisors reported that they felt that it made them more effective in the supervisory role and that they provided better support as a result of the qualification. However, the nurses’ ratings of supervisors with and without a teaching qualifications revealed no significant differences. Thus more work is required in developing the training of supervisors to ensure that it has a positive effect. 6.0 CONCLUSIONS This review has considered research which has evaluated clinical supervision within practice and district nursing. The discussion focussed on the development, implementation and the outcomes of clinical supervision. In terms of the developmental factors, a need for an improvement in the dissemination of standards was identified along with the establishment of clearer role definitions. A drive towards a more standardised approach to supervisor selection and training is also advocated. As for the implementation of clinical supervision, the need for both nurses and supervisors to be supervised was identified. Research has demonstrated that supervisor availability is associated with the nurse’s performance and hence it is important that supervisors are available as much as possible. The final section of the discussion considered the outcomes of clinical supervision. The lack of standardised and validated assessment tools ensure that it is difficult to quantify the effects of clinical supervision on the nurses’ performances and ultimately on the quality of patient care. However, the perceived benefits of clinical supervision, such as support, socialisation, enabling clinical experience and enhancing job satisfaction, were identified. It may also have longer term benefits in terms of reducing the probability that a nurse will leave the profession. It is through working towards the realisation of the perceived benefits that clinical supervision can be made as effective as possible. Through this, more effective training programmes for clinical supervisors can be developed and the potentially negative view of clinical supervision as being about control and assessment can be replaced with a more positive image of aiding continuous improvement in nurse satisfact ion and performance along with the quality of care which is given to patients. 7.0 References Andrews M and Chilton F. Student and supervisor perceptions of supervising effectiveness. Nurse Education Today, 2000, 20 (7), pp 555-562 Andrews M and Wallis M. Supervision in nursing: A literature review. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 1999, 29 (1), pp 201-207 Anforth P. Supervisors not assessors. Nurse Education Today, 1992, 12 (4), pp 299-302 Armitage P and Burnard P. Supervisors or preceptors? Narrowing the theory/practice gap. Nurse Education Today, 1991, 11 (3), pp 225-229 Aston L, Mallik M, Day C and Fraser D. An exploration into the teacher/lecturers in practice: Findings from a case study in adult nursing. Nurse Education Today, 2000, 20 (3), pp 178-188 Bailey D. Facilitator not teacher: a role change for tutors in open learning nursing education. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 1992, 17, 983-991 Brealey S. and Glenny A, A Framework for radiographers planning to undertake a systematic review. Radiography, 5 131-146, 1999 Butterworth T and Faugier J Clinical supervision in Nursing, Midwifery and Health Visiting. A briefing paper. Nursing Times. 1994, Vol.90 No.48 pp.38-42 Cahill HA. A qualitative analysis of student nurses’ experiences of supervision. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 1996, 24 (4), pp 791-799 Calman L, Watson R, Norman I, Redfern S and Murrells T. Assessing practice of student nurses: Methods, preparation of assessors and student views. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 2002, 38 (5), pp 516-523 Davies WB, Neary M, Philips R. Final Report. The Practitioner-Teacher. A Study in the Introduction of Supervisors in the Pre-Registration Nurse Education Programme in Wales. Cardiff, UWCC, School of Education, 1994. Department of Health. National service framework for older people: Modern standards and service models. London, UK: Author 2001. Donovan J. The concept and role of supervisor. Nurse Education Today, 1990, 10 (4), pp 294-298 Earnshaw GJ. Supervision: The students’ views. Nurse Education Today, 1995, 15 (4), pp 274-279 Fulbrook, P., Rolfe, G., Albarran, J. and Boxall, F. ‘Fit for Practice: Project 2000 Student Nurses Views on how well the Curriculum prepares them for Clinical Practice’ Nurse Education Today 2000, 20 (5): pp 350-357 Gray MA and Smith LN. The qualities of an effective supervisor from the student nurses’ perspective: Findings from a longitudinal qualitative study. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 2000, 32 (6), pp 1542-1549 Hagerty B. A second look at supervisors. Nursing Outlook. 1986, 34, 16-20. Hart C. Doing a literature reviewLondon: Sage Publications 1998 Hughes P. Evaluating the impact of continual professional education (ENB 941). Nurse Education Today, 1990, 10 (6), pp 328-336 Kirkpatrick DL. Techniques for evaluating training programmes. Training and Development Journal, 1979, 33 (6), pp 78-92 Jarvis P. Towards a philosophical understanding of supervising. Nurse Education Today, 1995, 15 (6), pp 414-419 Lloyd-Jones M, Walters and Akehurst R. The implications of contact with the supervisor for pre-registration nursing and midwifery students. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 2001, 35 (2), pp 151-160 Loy. J. New on the Net MIDIRS Midwifery Digest, 2000 MORI. Student Nurses: The Pressure of Work. 2003 www.mori.co.uk Neary M. Supporting students’ learning and professional development through the process of continuous assessment and supervision. Nurse Education Today, 2000, 20 (6), pp 463-474 Neary M. Defining the role of supervisors, assessors and supervisors: Part 1 and 2. Nursing Standard, 1997, 11 (43), pp 34-38 Pearcey PA and Elliott BE. Student impressions of clinical nursing. Nurse Education Today, 2004, 24 (5), pp 382-387 Pelosi-Beaulieu L Preceptorship and supervision: bridging the gap between nursing education and nursing practice. NSNA/Imprint, 1988, 111-115. Phillips RM, Davies WB, Neary M. The practitioner-teacher: a study in the introduction of supervisors in the pre-registration nurse education programme in Wales part 1. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 1996a, 23 (5), pp 1037-1044 Phillips RM, Davies WB, Neary M. The practitioner-teacher: a study in the introduction of supervisors in the pre-registration nurse education programme in Wales part 2. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 1996b, 23 (6), pp 1080-1088. RCN. The Future Nurse: The RCN Vision. London: Royal College of Nursing, 2004a RCN. The Future Nurse: The RCN Vision Explained

Harry Potter’s Influence on Society Essay

â€Å"It’s important to remember that we all have magic inside us.† (J.K. Rowling, scholastic book fair promotion, October 1999) One of the most influential novels of this generation is the Harry Potter Saga. Since the first book was published in 1997 these novels take you on a breath-taking adventure through witch-craft and wizardry. How has this saga written by J.K. Rowling been an influence on society you ask? Come explore how Hogwarts the school of witch-craft and wizardry made its way from a small fantasy school in England to a worldwide phenomenon. It all starts with the author; J.K Rowling is the master-mind behind these magical books. Born on July 31st, 1965 as Joanne Rowling she decided to go under the name J.K for her books. She chose this because her key target readers were young boys and she thought that they would not want to read a book by a female author although she was mistaken. The idea came to her while she was on a four hour delayed train trip from Manchester, England to London. She saw a young boy sitting across from her and started to create a story for this him. She decided his name would be Harry and he was on his way to attend his first year at a school as a wizard. This is what started the successful journey that would change reading for our generation. The Harry Potter saga is made up of seven novels. (Listed below in order) * Harry Potter and the Philosophers Stone ( Sorcerer’s Stone) * Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets * Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban * Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire * Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix * Harry Potter and the Half –Blood Prince * Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows These books follow the life of Harry Potter a young wizard who has been through something you cannot imagine. Both of his parents were murdered when he was just a baby by Lord Voldemort ( who plays the villain in the story). Harry Potter was present while this happened but he survived the killing curse with only a minor scar on his forehead. He survived because mother’s love for him was so powerful that it somehow protected him from the curse that took his parents lives. Since he was orphaned he was living with his aunt, uncle and cousin just outside of London, England. When he turned eleven years old he received an invitation to attend the Hogwarts school of Witch-craft and Wizardry because he was wizard. While on his way to Hogwarts he comes to learn that he is famous for the events that lead him to have just mere scar on his forehead and being the only wizard to survive a killing curse. On the Hogwarts express he meets two young wizards who eventually become his best friends, Hermione Granger, and Ron Weasely. Each book is a new school year which comes with new tasks and new level of maturity. Throughout the novels we come to understand that Harry Potter has the same problems as a everyday teenager but there is extra level of responsibility because along with magic comes consequences. There is two ways that magic can be used. There’s good magic but there is also dark magic and both of these are seen within the Harry Potter novels. Voldemort being the villain is constantly in a fight with Harry. This is where the theme of the story comes in. The theme of the Harry Potter novels is good vs. evil. Harry represents the good character and Voldemort represents the evil. The only way for Harry to be free of the evil spirit is to kill him. Harry uses dark magic to do so but uses it in defense. Along every step of the way Harry’s two best friends where there to help. When he needed advice or someone to lean on the both Ron and Hermione were always there. Without them Harry Potter would never have been able to demolish the evil character and enjoy his life to the fullest. That is the moral of the story, love can overcome evil and if you have support system you can do anything. That is something as human beings we should keep with us for all time. Morals are something we can learn from reading but because sometimes we get distracted by technology and materialistic items we forget that. J.K Rowling was taking on a generation that was attached to technology and attracting them back to reading. This may be the largest impact the Harry Potter Saga has had on society. Reading is somehow lost in this generation and many people do not realize the importa nce of reading. Reading enhances vocabulary, helps speech, and really broadens a person’s understanding and tolerance. Reading always teaches you something, from Harry Potter we learn that evil cannot stand in the way of love, and no matter what has happened you can always get through it if you have people to support you. J.K Rowling also focused on one other important detail, imagination. Reading allows you to use your imagination to come up with scenarios for you self. It allows you to build your artistic ability and creativity by doing so. Creativity stems from imagination; this means without an active imagination there would be no creativity whatsoever. Imagination allows you to transport into a fantasy world and experience things you would not be able to in reality. One important thing about imagination and creativity is that is undefined. Every single person views it differently and there is no right or wrong answer. J.K Rowling took this into consideration while writing her books and many people think because she created such a conversely topic that it opened the public up to the books. But one thing everyone can agree on is that this book changed our generation. Michelle McMorrow Ramsell the director of Tuscarawas Public Library says in a news paper article that: â€Å"The popularity of the Harry Potter series made reading a cool thing and made reading a cool thing to talk about with friends. The time that Harry Potter was released was is when technology started to become a major part in our generation. Harry Potter books got millions of people involved from the middle-school age level and up.† This is one of the reasons Harry Potter is such an influential book. Not only did it bring people back into reading but it also has characters that people can relate to. J.K Rowling started to write because she was an English major and it was a passion of hers but as she got more into depth with the books she started to make all the characters relatable. She started writing the book when her mother fell ill, but quickly after her mother passed away and that is when she decided she would use this idea for the book. She knew what it felt like to lose someone who was so important so that is where she came up with the idea for Harry to lose his pare nts. Many people know what it is like to lose someone important to them and when someone else dealing with the same thing it makes you feel like you are not alone. J.K Rowling was diagnosed with clinical depression in 1993, she needed a way to escape real life and she chose this with Harry Potter. She decided to add the dementors, the creatures who are known as the soul-sucking creatures who are constantly after Harry because of the way she felt. She thought that a good way to come out of depression is to be sidetracked in a way, and Harry Potter was her way out of reality and she took that into consideration. She also tried to relate most of her characters to people she knew when she was younger. J.K Rowling says that she sees a lot of herself in Hermione. Hermione comes off as a know it all sometimes and J.K says that’s how many people saw her when she was young. The Wesely’s were a poor family that did not have much, she was able to relate to this because before Harry Pot ter she was in that place for a long time. Ron was also based on J.K Rowling’s best friend Shane Harris. She also saw herself as Harry because there was always something she was trying to fix and she was not a quitter. She was never going to give up in what she believed in and it helped her get through many hardships she faced throughout her life just like him. Reading books can allow you to escape reality and maybe even sometimes solve a problem which is what she was trying to accomplish. The Harry Potter books were such a success that they were turned into a film series starring Daniel Radcliffe, Rupert Grint and Emma Watson. The entire film series made 7.7 billion dollars and is also one of the top highest grossing films of all time. The first movie premiered in 2001 and the last being in two parts finished in 2011. Over the last ten years J.K Rowling worked closely with the script writers because she wanted it as close to the books as possible. The movies success made the young actors Hollywood superstars and it al so had a huge impact to our generation. The movies and books are translated into 67 different languages, so no matter where you live or what language you speak you can get a taste of the magic. It was a family movie that everyone can enjoy together and seeing the magic come alive on screen really touched people all over the world and that also made an impact on society. Many things have evolved from the novels and the movie is not the only one. On June 18th 2010, Universal Studio’s opened up a new Theme park named: The Wizarding world of Harry Potter. Here you can experience the magic of Hogwarts in real life. You can you visit the Hogwarts castle, Three-broom sticks diner, Honeydukes sweet shop, Ollivander’s wand shop, Zonko’s joke store, and dervish and banges quidditch equipment store. These are all places that are in the movies and books and after ten years there finally a reality. â€Å"I used to leave set wishing I was at Hogwarts and that Harry Potter was real life. I got to experience the magi c of it but normal kids didn’t and now because of the theme park they can, and it’s wicked.† – Daniel Radcliffe( interview in 2010 about the Theme Park) This is a huge impact on society because there is not anything like this visting the theme park gives you the full experience and your imagination really comes to life. Daniel Radcliffe believes that â€Å"The wizarding world of Harry Potter has the potential to be a fantastic memory that kids will take with them, that will be something that stands out with them for a long time.† ( interview about the theme park 2010) This is a true fact and everyone who visits seems to capture some of the joy and take it with them where ever they may go. Pottermore is also another place to experience the Hogwarts school of witch-craft and wizardry. A website created by J.K Rowling in order to keep the Harry Potter Saga alive after the seventh book and the eighth movie being completed. She did this in response to her fan base being so strong. â€Å"So I’d like to take this opportunity to say thank you because no author could of asked for a more wonderful, diverse readership. I’m thrilled to say that I’m now in a position to give you something unique. An online reading experience unlike any other and its called Pottermore. It’s the same story with a few crucial editions; the most important one is you. Just as the experience of reading requires the imagination of the author and reader work together to create the story, so Pottermore will be built in part by you the reader. The digital generation will be able to enjoy a safe, unique online reading experience built around the Harry Potter books. Pottermore will be the place where fans of any age can share, participate in and re-discover the stories. And I will be sharing additional information that I’ve been holding for years about the world of Harry Potter. I hope to see you soon.† (J.K. Rowling on Pottermore.com) By visiting this website you can go through journeys of the books and through every chapter you visit you learn something new about the wizarding world. Like the books and movies you get sorted into a house: Gryffindor, Ravenclaw, Hufflepuff, and Slytherin, here you get to experience life as if you were a student. Just like the book you earn house points, make friends from many houses, brew positions, casts spells, attend quidditch matches , take journeys through diagon ailey ( located in London where the shops are), visit the wizarding bank and really experience life as a virtual Hogwarts student. As you can see the Harry Potter novels really do influence society. There has been over a million copies of the books sold, eight successful films translated into 67 languages, a enchanting theme – park, amazing websites, and even merchandise which includes, shirts, stickers, hats, sweatshirts, wands, anything you can think of. It is a spectacular story that has transformed reading. Most people before the Harry Potter series thought reading was boring and that TV. and the internet were more entertaining, but after reading it they changed their mind. J.K Rowling created an imaginary story that was still relatable and people will remember this book for years to come. â€Å"There’s always room for a story that can transport people to another place, and I feel I completed this task with Harry Potter.† ( J.K. Rowling on the success of her novels.)

Find Out Whos Discussing Creative Research Essay Topics and Why You Need to Be Worried

Find Out Who's Discussing Creative Research Essay Topics and Why You Need to Be Worried Creative Research Essay Topics Options The only rule to follow when picking a topic for your college essay is to select the topic you're eager to write about. The option of compare and contrast essay topics isn't a simple task because you must demonstrate your analytical skills. This essay topic is a significant chance for humor. Argumentative essay topics are so important since they are debatableand it's essential to at all times be critically considering the world around us. Interestingly, 1 paragraph of about five lines is all that you'll want to finish your undertaking. Your thesis statement is the significance of that function. In the introduction paragraph, mention your thesis statement plus a succinct explanation of the most important topic which you will explore. When it has to do with writing an argumentative essay, the most essential issue to do is to select a topic and an argument that you could really get behind. Essentially, you will provide your opinion on a word. In the initial one, talk about the origin of the word and the way it was used previously. Not just any sort of idea but an intriguing bit of the headline. Mention similarities and the way both ideas differ. In a definition essay, there are a few fundamental guidelines that you are going to have to follow. There are several persuasive essay topics to pick from to finish your high school or college assignment. Therefore, to steer you through the full procedure, here's a list of interesting reflective essay topics. Obviously, here, you'll discover a wide selection of topics and essay ideas. Most of us have written an essay. If you are searching for college essay examples, here's a great one below. Academically suitable compare contrast essay topics ought to be stimulating together with attention-grabbing. Creative Research Essay Topics - the Story SATs ought to be eliminated. Remember your final grade significantly is dependent upon the topic. Eventually, it produces a huge boost in your grades. You are needed to write a minumum of one research paper in a semester for many the subjects. Writing a research paper even though may appear challenging is a considerable portion of routine student life. To approach the paper with at least anxiety, you should choose a topic that you are feeling comfortable writing about, and one which you're confident that you could grasp the appropriate scholarship on. When picking your research paper topic, you should make certain it is neither boring nor worn out. Instead, you need to pick a notion that connects with your intended audience. Obviously, there were many mistakes that were produced by previous generations. To begin with, remember that it's structured and worded in a manner that attracts the entire attention of your readers. Select a distinctive topic that others may not think of, and whatever you select, make certain you know a lot about it! Year round school isn't a good idea. Going through them will provide you with an ideal head start in figuring out how to compose persuasive definition essays. For example, you could discuss a day at your favourite cafe or coffee shop.

Essay on Politics in the Novel Imperium by Robert Harris

Imperium begins when Cicero as a young man from a middle class family. He leaves his small town behind and comes to Rome, looking to make a name for himself in politics. He begins as a lawyer and is immediately noticed for his outstanding oratory skills and daring composure . Gradually, he gains influence in the realm of the courts until he has achieved the title of the second best advocate in Rome, only beaten by his bitter rival, Hortensius. His next triumph is to take on a daring case against the governor or Sicily, Verres, who has extorted his people for decades and wrongfully imprisoned hundreds of them. Though Cicero has a bounty of evidence of this corruption, he has other huge disadvantages. A huge majority of the court is biased†¦show more content†¦While reading the novel I felt completely immersed in it because it explains the entire spectrum of Roman society, its darker side of corruption, the division of its people, and betrayal that cannot be explained through anything but an inside source. It is so difficult to understand because of its complexities, the plethora of unwritten rules and clichÃÆ' ©s that defined everything official that the Romans did. After reading this book, the reader will have glimpsed only a small fraction of the customs, though this will not prevent them from grasping the fundamentals of their political system as a whole. It is surprising how interestingly different they are from ourseven though our society is rooted so deeply into their foundations. Bribery for one was a very interesting topic of this book. It was a predominant part of the way their politics worked. When considering who would win elections, bribery was a major factor and its existence was even acknowledged by the state. Individuals such as Crassus, who had exorbitant amounts of money, relied heavily on bribes not to get votes for himself (he was popular enough not to need them), but for officials in lesser positions who had sided with him. In th is way he achieved a huge control of every level of government and it wasnt until Cicero and a few other politicians following in his footsteps, put an end to this corruption through an even more complicated series of laws and riskyShow MoreRelatedNew World Order in Conspiracy Theory13987 Words   |  56 Pageselite  with a  globalist  agenda is  conspiring  to eventually rule the world through an  authoritarian  world government, which replaces  sovereign  nation-states, and an all-embracing  ideology, which indoctrinates  cosmopolitanism. Significant occurrences in  politics  and  finance  are speculated to be orchestrated by an extremely influential  cabaloperating through many  front organizations. Numerous historical and current events are seen as steps in an on-going plot to achieve world domination through  secret politicalRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change H as Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesHistory and Public Memories Tiffany Ruby Patterson, Zora Neale Hurston and a History of Southern Life Lisa M. Fine, The Story of Reo Joe: Work, Kin, and Community in Autotown, U.S.A. Van Gosse and Richard Moser, eds., The World the Sixties Made: Politics and Culture in Recent America Joanne Meyerowitz, ed., History and September 11th John McMillian and Paul Buhle, eds., The New Left Revisited David M. Scobey, Empire City: The Making and Meaning of the New York City Landscape Gerda Lerner, Fireweed: